10 Functional Bodybuilding Exercises to Help You Look Good, Build Strength and Move Well. Improve your fitness. Training. June 4, 2021. Updated: August 19, 2022. By Robbie …Functional training is a term used to describe exercises that help you perform activities in everyday life more easily. These exercises typically use the whole body — definitely …Here are some key benefits of incorporating functional training into your fitness routine: 1. Full-Body Activation. Functional strength training engages multiple muscle groups simultaneously, leading to a more comprehensive workout. By performing compound exercises that involve various muscle groups, you activate more muscles and develop a more balanced …<img height="1" width="1" style="display: none;" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=565873607077370&ev=ViewContent&noscript=1&eid=565873607077370f3a8a1e2-a544-4c6c ...A Functional Bodybuilding Coach Explains When to Take a 'Deload Week' If weight isn't moving the way you want it to, it's okay to take a step back. By Cori Ritchey, C.S.C.S. Published: Jan 20, 2023.Jun 13, 2020 · The 8 Week Functional Bodybuilding Hybrid Program (Part 3) This is the last portion of the functional bodybuilding hybrid series, and by now you are probably having trouble fitting through doors, and children probably ask you to autograph their Hulk figurines. Click the link below for full details. Dec 22, 2023 · Fighting off sharks. Functional fitness seeks to build strength, flexibility, and balance for navigating the physical world and the objects in it. We do this by replicating and practicing movements necessary in the real world: squatting, pulling, pushing, bending, climbing, walking, and running. Mega pump. Minimal time! Get the ultimate flexibility to schedule your lifting and conditioning separately with the PUMP 40 and AEROBIC 40 bundle. These 8-week programs build week by week with short, 40 minute sessions. 4 lifting sessions per week (2 upper, 2 lower) in PUMP 40 4 cardio sessions per week (2 single movement, 2 mixed strength + bodyweight resistance) in …Jul 27, 2023 · Functional fitness training is a type of training that replicates movements you do everyday, often in a high-intensity, high-energy environment. It can improve your motor function, strength, conditioning, balance, speed, and power. Learn how to do functional fitness exercises with bodyweight or external loads, and see examples of functional fitness workouts. Under Marcus’s wing, Adam learned and lived the Functional BodyBuilding lifestyle of “Look Good and Move Well.”Adam continued to work for EXOS in a new location; Austin, Texas. During this span of time at EXOS, Adam had the opportunity to rehabilitate and optimize movement patterns with professional athletes from the NFL, NBA, MLB, and ... That’s why we created this FREE guide with bonus videos—to help you write functional bodybuilding workouts with purpose. You’ll learn how to structure weekly splits and daily training sessions, and see the foundational principles of functional bodybuilding applied to a “look good, feel good” client avatar. 16 essential principles of ... Feb 5, 2020 · I'm Marcus Filly, the founder of Functional Bodybuilding and Head Coach at Revival Strength. This training methodology has been my not-so-secret sauce to rec... After years of competitive fitness where I had to optimize every single aspect, I created Functional Bodybuilding on the backbone of some timeless fundamentals. These go-tos will always work to help you feel good and get you back on track towards strength and better health. And if you’re crunched for time, these two concepts are a must-have to make sure they …High-Intensity Functional Bodybuilding [HIFB] is a Hybrid Training Protocol, which combines traditional bodybuilding, high intensity functional movements, and interval training to optimize body composition and maximize performance. Personally, conventional bodybuilding splits and steady state cardio can become monotonous and boring. Although …Available here as a downloadable eBook, the Minimalist 30 program contains 30 workouts that showcase the best of Functional Bodybuilding, with only four simple items: a set of dumbbells, a bench, a jump rope, and a pull-up bar. Using proven methods of bodybuilding alongside effective functional fitness training methods, this progressive program ...Day 1: Shoulders and Legs Exercise Sets Reps 1a. Kettlebell Z Press 4 10 each side 1b. Burpee to Pull Up 4 8 2a. Barbell Deadlift 4 12 2b. Alternating Kettlebell Box Step Ups 4 30ATOM - Billing/Account Information. Persist Athlete Support: Get In-"app" ATOM Support. Completing your first day of training in ATOM. Video Library - Search and View all 1000+ videos from our FBB Library. Training Journal: How do I log workouts and view my training history in ATOM? Persist: Viewing workouts and switching tracks in ATOM ...219. Share. Save. 38K views 4 years ago. I'm Marcus Filly, the founder of Functional Bodybuilding and Head Coach at Revival Strength. This training methodology has been …Muscle is the biggest factor to strength, longevity, and healthy bodyweight maintenance. Follow my 10-step Nutrition Flowchart to learn how to put your plan together with these ideas. 1. Energy In. Establish how many calories you need to …Nov 12, 2018 · This program is designed to be done 4 days per week. These other three days are crucial to recover from the high volume of lifting. Week 1. Note Reps on the WOD for day two should be 15 DB snatches. Week 2. Each movement should be between 60-80% of your 1RM. Share your videos with friends, family, and the world Functional bodybuilding coach Marcus Filly is all about building strength and muscle in a safe and sustainable way—and while much of his training advice revolves around tips and techniques for ...PUMP 40 is the first lifting-only Functional Bodybuilding program that maintains or builds muscle in 40-minute workouts. I’ve packed decades of experience in training and …Functional fitness training is a type of training that replicates movements you do everyday, often in a high-intensity, high-energy environment. It can improve your motor … That’s why we created this FREE guide with bonus videos—to help you write functional bodybuilding workouts with purpose. You’ll learn how to structure weekly splits and daily training sessions, and see the foundational principles of functional bodybuilding applied to a “look good, feel good” client avatar. 16 essential principles of ... PUMP 40 is the first lifting-only Functional Bodybuilding program that maintains or builds muscle in 40-minute workouts. I’ve packed decades of experience in training and …Despite those precise-looking numbers, arriving at a formula that works for your real life isn’t an exact science. We’ll walk you through the inner workings of calculating macros, how to avoid common mistakes in the process, and what you can expect with our free tool we built for you! Look Good Move Well.Given the functional fitness definition, the nature of functional fitness exercises tends to replicate movement patterns executed in the real world, such as squatting, bending, pulling, pushing, pressing, lifting, climbing, walking, and running. Therefore, these workouts include functional training exercises that involve bilateral and ...Functional Bodybuilding is all about looking good and moving well – but what if you want to compete? Today we’re talking about the missing variable for competing, and how to apply it to your training. Plus: how competitive CrossFitters really get their amazing physiques, and what you can take away for yourself. GET LEAN WORKOUTS & MEALS. Connect with Functional … 3. Tripod Elbowing Row. Rear Deltoids for Health. The tripod elbowing row is a great tool to target the rear deltoid. The elbow pulls out to the side (90 degrees from the body) and in doing so targets the rear shoulder muscle. Strengthening this muscle group has great protective benefits for overall shoulder health. Muscle Building Workouts. Our workouts database has hundreds of free workout plans designed for building muscle. The workouts are created by fitness experts and come with a free downloadable PDF you can reference when training. Use the filters below to find the best workout for your goal, training experience and equipment access. By Philip Ellis Published: Jan 29, 2022 9:30 AM EST. Watch on. Former CrossFit Games athlete Marcus Filly is a proponent of "functional bodybuilding," and in a new video on powerlifter Mark Bell's ...Learn how bodybuilding can be functional for athletes by improving muscle, strength, speed and power. Find out the difference between specific and general exercises, and …Functional Bodybuilding was founded by Marcus Filly, a 6x Games athlete and fitness coach with decades of experience training and coaching others, including competitive and professional athletes. Athletes all around the world have trained using these methods in their individual programs as well as our online group training, ...Step 6 – The calculator will automatically establish your fat grams. The lean muscle mass calculator bases this on what is left from the other macros. There is an embedded safety net in our calculator to ensure you don’t drop below a threshold of Fat grams we deem important for health functioning.8 Great Functional Bodybuilding Exercises for Your Core Body Saw . You'll need a set of rings or TRX bands hanging low to the ground for this move, which puts you in a plank-like position to start ...BHP Functional Fitness Gym, Cross Fit, HIIT, Stretch, Barbell in the Ruakaka, Waipu, One Tree Point, Marsden Point area.7 Week Free Functional Bodybuilding Plan: Week 1. Here is the first week of the weight training program. As you can see, there’s a lot going on each session. Most functional athletes will perform each session from top to bottom, finishing with the WOD. That’s how I normally do it, but there’s nothing wrong with mixing the daily order up a ...The impact of an active lifestyle on the functional fitness level of older women. Journal ofApplied Gerontology. 2018;37:687. bodyweight. calisthenics. front squat. workout. functional training. Steve Theunissen is a freelance writer living in Tauranga, New Zealand. He is a former gym owner and personal trainer and is the author of six hardcopy books and more than a hundred …Trainer Marcus Filly, a former CrossFit Games competitor, is back with a new YouTube video on exactly how is method of “functional bodybuilding” can help you become a stronger, fitter CrossFitter.Functional bodybuilding, which focuses more on quality of movement than intensity, allows us to bring bodybuilding principles to functional resistance training. This helps build a great foundation of strength and efficient movement, one that is designed to accommodate each individual’s abilities and goals in a way that’s supportive for ...ВИЖ ПОВЕЧЕ. Функционално хранен е това, което задоволява енергийните, пластичните и метаболитните потребности на тялото, както и обезпечава с хранителни вещества, адаптационните нужди ...PUMP 40 is the first lifting-only Functional Bodybuilding program that maintains or builds muscle in 40-minute workouts. I’ve packed decades of experience in training and …It’s not the 90’s – so nobody is skipping Leg Day anymore. But you might be missing out on muscle, strength, and athleticism if you forget about your hamstrings. Even better, a regular hamstring workout can prevent knee pain too. This video will cover all your hamstring workout needs, from nordic curls to Romanian deadlifts and more.Get your custom macros. Lift weights 3-4 times per week with our Persist training program. Increase your daily activity, like walking, as your energy soars! Find your custom macros, then click “Send Results” to get a copy to save, along with sample training! Metric Imperial.1) Pre-Game Before the Main Event. Most people think of warmup and prep as a way to help avoid injury. But there is a certain type of preparation that we do in Functional Bodybuilding, called Pre-Fatigue, that is very beneficial for building visible muscle, and looking sexy. A fatigued muscle has to work incrementally harder in the strength ... Functional Bodybuilding was founded by Marcus Filly, a 6x Games athlete and fitness coach with decades of experience training and coaching others, including competitive and professional athletes. Athletes all around the world have trained using these methods in their individual programs as well as our online group training, and surprised ... <img height="1" width="1" style="display: none;" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=565873607077370&ev=ViewContent&noscript=1&eid=5658736070773700b5efbf5-b62a-42cc ...You don’t have to give up your weekend work all day in the kitchen to make tasty, nourishing food. We’ll walk you through a system for fast meal prep any time you need it. Learn these basics and you’ll gain the confidence to cook protein, starch, veggies, and fat …The Aerobic Bodybuilder eBook from Functional Bodybuilding is an 8-week program with 4 workouts per week, all adapted directly by the training regimen of former professional CrossFit athlete and Functional Bodybuilding founder Marcus Filly. “This is the first program I am making available that splits aerobic and strength work into two separate sessions,” Filly says, “giving …Aug 23, 2023 · Functional Bodybuilding (aka FBB) is a program and training resource founded by Marcus Filly. While there are aspects of bodybuilding with techniques to focus on peak muscle contractions like supersets, burnout sets, and AMRAPs, the program is a blend of functional training and muscle building together. Get your custom macros. Lift weights 3-4 times per week with our Persist training program. Increase your daily activity, like walking, as your energy soars! Find your custom macros, then click “Send Results” to get a copy to save, along with sample training! Metric Imperial.Fremont Functional Fitness, Fremont, Ohio. 191 likes · 6 talking about this · 780 were here. Fitness GymUse the chat bubble at the bottom of your screen to send us a message, or view self-service help articles to get your question answered quickly. Or you can email us at [email protected]. For media inquiries, including podcasts and collaborations, please use this form to get in touch. The strength sessions will demand your focus, but the warmups and muscle endurance work use the Functional Bodybuilding approach to give your brain a tasty snack and break up the demands on your body. The overall design will challenge your strength, and balance your session to leave you feeling amazing when you walk out the door and looking ... . Ozempic and other Weight Loss “Shortcuts”. Another celebrity weight loss trend has hit the market. So let’s take a realistic look at weight loss shortcuts, and what they leave on the table for those who partake. Look Good Move Well. Ninja Creami Protein Ice Cream - Assembly. 24 hrs ahead, blend all the ingredients together minus the “mix-ins.”. You can make a bunch of these early in the week and enjoy them several nights later. Use a hand-held blender to combine ingredients until smooth. Freeze on a level surface for at least 24 hrs – you want it rock solid. The impact of an active lifestyle on the functional fitness level of older women. Journal ofApplied Gerontology. 2018;37:687. bodyweight. calisthenics. front squat. workout. functional training. Steve Theunissen is a freelance writer living in Tauranga, New Zealand. He is a former gym owner and personal trainer and is the author of six hardcopy books and more than a hundred …LOOK GOOD MOVE WELL PODCAST. Co-hosted by Marcus Filly, founder of Functional Bodybuilding and CEO of Revival Strength, and his business partner and CMO, Satya Inayat Khan. New episodes are released on Fridays covering training, nutrition, lifestyle, and the mindset of the Thinking Athlete. Want to submit a question or podcast topic?Go to Functional Bodybuilding. English. Advice and answers from the Functional Bodybuilding Team. General Training - Frequently Asked Questions. How to optimize FBB workouts. Examples: What is tempo? Aerobic substitutions? By Cliff and 1 other 2 authors 12 articles. Billing & Managing Your FBB Account. How to manage group, individual, and Persist …Persist Monthly Subscription. $ 39.00 / month with a 2-week free trial. Persist 3 Month Subscription quantity. Persist 3 Month Subscription. $ 99.00 every 3 months. Persist Annual Subscription quantity. Persist Annual Subscription. $ 325.00 / year. Add to cart.Jul 27, 2023 · Barbell Calf Raise: 2 x 20. Ab Rollout + Weighted Plank: 3 x 8/for time, as a superset. Note: Do not begin this program with all of the prescribed intensity techniques at once. This template ... Functional bodybuilding is very similar to traditional bodybuilding. The only difference between the two is the training objective. Bodybuilding’ sole purpose is to create perfectly defined aesthetics. Functional bodybuilding focuses on building strength, and improving mobility to achieve better athleticism, workout performance, and to ...Functional Bodybuilding is all about looking good and moving well – but what if you want to compete? Today we’re talking about the missing variable for competing, and how to apply it to your training. Plus: how competitive CrossFitters really get their amazing physiques, and what you can take away for yourself. GET LEAN WORKOUTS & MEALS. Connect with Functional …Functional Bodybuilding is all about looking good and moving well – but what if you want to compete? Today we’re talking about the missing variable for competing, and how to apply it to your training. Plus: how competitive CrossFitters really get their amazing physiques, and what you can take away for yourself. GET LEAN WORKOUTS & MEALS. Connect with Functional …Dec 27, 2018 · Functional training: Training that can make you more efficient in basic human tasks, resulting in a higher quality of life. This includes improved performance for common responsibilities that are generally required of most people. Based off this definition, bodybuilding is hands-down the most functional type of training. Tip: In Functional Bodybuilding, we often use strength movements that build muscle right in the middle of a conditioning piece or WOD as some like to say.Stay in control and you’ll get an extra pump, while making your breathing and conditioning work more fun. Or these external rotation variations make great finishers to round out your shoulder work for the day.May 19, 2022 · Learn how to create a functional bodybuilding program that combines quality movement, strength, and hypertrophy. Discover the history, principles, and sample workouts of this style of training that is popularized by Marcus Filly. You don’t have to give up your weekend work all day in the kitchen to make tasty, nourishing food. We’ll walk you through a system for fast meal prep any time you need it. Learn these basics and you’ll gain the confidence to cook protein, starch, veggies, and fat …Jul 7, 2022 · Functional Bodybuilding is a training system that prioritizes quality of movement over intensity. Bodybuilding and controlled methods of movement are used to help athletes fulfill their ‘function.’. This methodology is beneficial to athletes because it can enhance performance. For non-athletes, it helps them look good, move well and gain ... ATOM - Billing/Account Information. Persist Athlete Support: Get In-"app" ATOM Support. Completing your first day of training in ATOM. Video Library - Search and View all 1000+ videos from our FBB Library. Training Journal: How do I log workouts and view my training history in ATOM? Persist: Viewing workouts and switching tracks in ATOM ...Functional Bodybuilding provides the necessary foundation of strength which allows any athlete, regardless of their goals, to fulfill that ‘function.’ Skills like speed, balance, mobility, gymnastics, agility, and coordination are addressed in perfect harmony within a Functional Bodybuilding program. Those skills keep people’s bodies in balance and helps …Functional strength training is a form of resistance exercise that improves movement efficiency to make daily activities easier. It focuses on compound exercises that recruit multiple large muscle ...Look Good Move Well – designed to build strength and visible muscle. Full Body – balanced upper and lower body workouts to hit all the movement patterns. Knee Friendly – continue to strengthen and bulletproof knees based on Ben’s system. Accessible – easy to get started and broken down into levels for beginner to advanced.By Philip Ellis Published: Jan 29, 2022 9:30 AM EST. Watch on. Former CrossFit Games athlete Marcus Filly is a proponent of "functional bodybuilding," and in a new video on powerlifter Mark Bell's ...Functional fitness training is a type of training that replicates movements you do everyday, often in a high-intensity, high-energy environment. It can improve your motor … You can find an introduction to training in the Start Here workshop in Atom. These 8 workouts will show you how to train with tempo, choose loads, and more. From there, head to Pillars or whichever track you like. For best results, we recommend sticking with one track for at least a 6 week training cycle as the training is progressive. Share your videos with friends, family, and the world Functional Bodybuilding was founded by Marcus Filly, a 6x Games athlete and fitness coach with decades of experience training and coaching others, including competitive and professional athletes. Athletes all around the world have trained using these methods in their individual programs as well as our online group training, ...Go to Functional Bodybuilding. English. Advice and answers from the Functional Bodybuilding Team. General Training - Frequently Asked Questions. How to optimize FBB workouts. Examples: What is tempo? Aerobic substitutions? By Cliff and 1 other 2 authors 12 articles. Billing & Managing Your FBB Account. How to manage group, individual, and Persist …1:1 COACHING IS FOR YOU IF: Your current program (s) isn’t working. Your current program (s) isn’t addressing your goals or needs. Want something tailored to YOU and optimized for what YOU want. Need accountability. Want to establish a consistent routine and healthier lifestyle. Want to fall in love with training again.Connect with Functional Bodybuilding and get weekly training and nutrition articles, podcast episodes, and free ebooks:“What is Functional Bodybuilding?”, Mr Filly captioned the post. “It is the blending of disciplines in fitness that complement one another to deliver a very purposeful dose. In …This will make sure you have the requisite strength and stability. But both muscle up variations certainly have their place. Before you learn a strict ring Muscle Up, be sure you have developed the ability to perform strict Pull Ups and Dips. You can progress these step by step, including weighted variations, in my Persist training program.ATOM - Billing/Account Information. Persist Athlete Support: Get In-"app" ATOM Support. Completing your first day of training in ATOM. Video Library - Search and View all 1000+ videos from our FBB Library. Training Journal: How do I log workouts and view my training history in ATOM? Persist: Viewing workouts and switching tracks in ATOM ...1) Pre-Game Before the Main Event. Most people think of warmup and prep as a way to help avoid injury. But there is a certain type of preparation that we do in Functional Bodybuilding, called Pre-Fatigue, that is very beneficial for building visible muscle, and looking sexy. A fatigued muscle has to work incrementally harder in the strength ...Functional Bodybuilding - Beyond Knee Pain. $29.00. Founded by renowned strength coach and 6x CrossFit Games athlete Marcus Filly, Functional Bodybuilding offers an alternative to “random workouts and random results,” instead focusing on progressive programming that’s sustainable, enjoyable, and proven to build the body without burning …According to Hoobler, the term ‘functional training’ became popular in the late 90s as people began to get more creative and steer away from bodybuilding and linear movement patterns.The Functional Pump Conditioning eBook contains 10 different conditioning formats, with 6 workouts each: On the Minute – Legs + Core. Advanced Gymnastics – Push/Pull Pump. Fatigued Abdominal Training. 5-Minute Drill Couplets. Strict Carry Hold. 10X KB/DB Push Pull Carry. Couplet of Couplets. Back to Back Buy In.Fighting off sharks. Functional fitness seeks to build strength, flexibility, and balance for navigating the physical world and the objects in it. We do this by replicating and practicing movements necessary in the real world: squatting, pulling, pushing, bending, climbing, walking, and running.Functional Bodybuilding (aka FBB) is a program and training resource founded by Marcus Filly. While there are aspects of bodybuilding with techniques to focus on peak muscle contractions like supersets, burnout sets, and AMRAPs, the program is a blend of functional training and muscle building together.Scroll through to find the best plan for your needs. 1. Functional Bodybuilding Training Plans – Minimalist 30. Available here as a downloadable eBook, the Minimalist 30 program contains 30 workouts …Bridging the gap between Bodybuilding and Crossfit. 1-2-1 APPLICATION. Helping high achievers get in great shape through performance based training & nutrition. ... Join the Functional Hustle team today and elevate every aspect of your training, nutrition and results . FIND OUT MORE @FUNCTIONALHUSTLE. Stay up-to-date through our SOCIAL MEDIA …Aug 12, 2022 · How Functional Bodybuilding Is Designed to Be Kinder to Your Body Former CrossFit Games athlete Marcus Filly burned out from overwork, then built himself back up with this smart, safe training method. Fitness. Men's Health MVP Exclusives. How Functional Bodybuilding Is Designed to Be Kinder to Your Body. Former CrossFit Games athlete Marcus Filly burned out from …It’s not the 90’s – so nobody is skipping Leg Day anymore. But you might be missing out on muscle, strength, and athleticism if you forget about your hamstrings. Even better, a regular hamstring workout can prevent knee pain too. This video will cover all your hamstring workout needs, from nordic curls to Romanian deadlifts and more. 3. Tripod Elbowing Row. Rear Deltoids for Health. The tripod elbowing row is a great tool to target the rear deltoid. The elbow pulls out to the side (90 degrees from the body) and in doing so targets the rear shoulder muscle. Strengthening this muscle group has great protective benefits for overall shoulder health. High-Intensity Functional Bodybuilding [HIFB] is a Hybrid Training Protocol, which combines traditional bodybuilding, high intensity functional movements, and interval training to optimize body composition and maximize performance. Personally, conventional bodybuilding splits and steady state cardio can become monotonous and …Dec 22, 2023 · Fighting off sharks. Functional fitness seeks to build strength, flexibility, and balance for navigating the physical world and the objects in it. We do this by replicating and practicing movements necessary in the real world: squatting, pulling, pushing, bending, climbing, walking, and running. This will make sure you have the requisite strength and stability. But both muscle up variations certainly have their place. Before you learn a strict ring Muscle Up, be sure you have developed the ability to perform strict Pull Ups and Dips. You can progress these step by step, including weighted variations, in my Persist training program. Persist includes 5 tracks plus optional workshops and bonus Ebooks: PUMP LIFT – build muscle with machine options (no conditioning) PUMP CONDITION – build muscle with conditioning. PERFORM – build muscle with a functional fitness feel, including Olympic lifting and gymnastics. PILLARS – build muscle fewer days per week in shorter sessions. Functional Bodybuilding is all about looking good and moving well – but what if you want to compete? Today we’re talking about the missing variable for competing, and how to apply it to your training. Plus: how competitive CrossFitters really get their amazing physiques, and what you can take away for yourself. GET LEAN WORKOUTS & MEALS. Connect with Functional …Connect with Functional Bodybuilding and get weekly training and nutrition articles, podcast episodes, and free ebooks:1. Choose a warm up. 3. Add one or two Absolute Strength pieces. 3. Pick structural balance exercises that pair well; for example, same category as Absolute Strength or one of the following: Push + Pull. Squat + Pull. Hinge + Push. A few example regional splits that have shown up in Persist: Example 1. Mon – Upper Body Horizontal Push and Pull. Tues – Lower Body Squat Dominant. Wed – Shoulders and Arms and Core. Thur – Active Recovery. Fri – Upper Body Vertical Push and Pull. Sat – Lower Body Hinge Dominant. Sun – Full Rest. Push Pull Legs (Globo Gym) Bodybuilding for CrossFit. Fire Finishers (Chest, Tris, & More) Great choice!Functional Bodybuilding uses bodybuilding principles and controlled methods of movement to help you fulfill your ‘function’. This methodology is beneficial for improved body composition, performance and overall fitness. Keeping the loads lower and increasing the time under tension helps reduce the demand on your CNS, allows you to focus on ... ---1